要写I2S驱动,对于硬件也要了解。I2S是一种常用的数字音频接口。总线值处理音频数据,像编码和控制这样的其他信号被转移分开。I2S接口传输或者接受声音数据来自于外部立体声音频编码器。用于传输和接受数据,包括两个32x16FIFO数据结构。
总线特征:
2通道I2S总线用于DMA装置的音频接口运作。
串行,8/16位经通道数据传输
支持I2S,MSB-justified和LSB-justifed数据格式。
下面是电路原理图:
左边的CDCLK,I2SSCLK,I2SLRCK,I2SSDI,I2SDO是i2s总线引脚。CDCLK为音频编码器提供解码时钟,I2SSCLK提供了串行位时钟,I2SLRCK是声道控制时钟,I2SSDI声音数据输入,I2SDO声音数据输出。
另外的L3MODE,L3CLOCK,L3DATA控制声音。
I2S主要通过i2s控制寄存器IISCON,i2s模式寄存器IISMOD,预分频IISPSR,FIFO控制寄存器IISFCON,IISFIFO工作。
I2S驱动是ASoc驱动组成的一部分。它是平台驱动那部分。这里就只简单说下ASoc主要的3部分:
(1)Codec驱动。这一部分只关心Codec本身,与CPU平台相关的特性不由此部分操作
(2)平台驱动。这一部分只关心CPU本身,它主要处理两个问题:DMA引擎和SOC集成的PCM,I2S或者ac'97数字接口控制
(3)板驱动。这一部分将平台驱动和CODEC驱动绑定在一起,描述了板一级的硬件特征。
具体I2S驱动如下:
这里提供了I2S驱动的注册函数snd_soc_register_dai()所要注册的是snd_soc_dai结构体,
具体为
struct snd_soc_dai s3c24xx_i2s_dai = { .name = "s3c24xx-i2s", .id = 0, .probe = s3c24xx_i2s_probe,初始化 .suspend = s3c24xx_i2s_suspend,挂起 .resume = s3c24xx_i2s_resume,恢复
放音功能 .playback = { .channels_min = 2,DMA通道2 .channels_max = 2, .rates = S3C24XX_I2S_RATES,放音速率 .formats = SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT_S8 | SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT_S16_LE,},
录音功能 .capture = { .channels_min = 2, .channels_max = 2, .rates = S3C24XX_I2S_RATES,录音速率 .formats = SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT_S8 | SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT_S16_LE,}, .ops = &s3c24xx_i2s_dai_ops, };
static struct snd_soc_dai_ops s3c24xx_i2s_dai_ops = { .trigger = s3c24xx_i2s_trigger,触发 .hw_params = s3c24xx_i2s_hw_params,硬件参数设置 .set_fmt = s3c24xx_i2s_set_fmt,DAI格式 .set_clkdiv = s3c24xx_i2s_set_clkdiv,时钟分频 .set_sysclk = s3c24xx_i2s_set_sysclk,系统时钟 };
.probe完成了I2S寄存器映射,时钟获取起用,设置GPIO口得相关引脚为I2S功能引脚。启动I2S,不发送不接受状态。
源代码如下:
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#include <linux/init.h> #include <linux/module.h> #include <linux/device.h> #include <linux/delay.h> #include <linux/clk.h> #include <linux/jiffies.h> #include <linux/io.h> #include <linux/gpio.h>
#include <sound/core.h> #include <sound/pcm.h> #include <sound/pcm_params.h> #include <sound/initval.h> #include <sound/soc.h>
#include <mach/hardware.h> #include <mach/regs-gpio.h> #include <mach/regs-clock.h> #include <plat/audio.h> #include <asm/dma.h> #include <mach/dma.h>
#include <plat/regs-iis.h>
#include "s3c24xx-pcm.h" #include "s3c24xx-i2s.h"
static struct s3c2410_dma_client s3c24xx_dma_client_out = { .name = "I2S PCM Stereo out" };
static struct s3c2410_dma_client s3c24xx_dma_client_in = { .name = "I2S PCM Stereo in" };
static struct s3c24xx_pcm_dma_params s3c24xx_i2s_pcm_stereo_out = { .client = &s3c24xx_dma_client_out, .channel = DMACH_I2S_OUT, .dma_addr = S3C2410_PA_IIS + S3C2410_IISFIFO, .dma_size = 2, };
static struct s3c24xx_pcm_dma_params s3c24xx_i2s_pcm_stereo_in = { .client = &s3c24xx_dma_client_in, .channel = DMACH_I2S_IN, .dma_addr = S3C2410_PA_IIS + S3C2410_IISFIFO, .dma_size = 2, };
struct s3c24xx_i2s_info { void __iomem *regs; struct clk *iis_clk; u32 iiscon; u32 iismod; u32 iisfcon; u32 iispsr; }; static struct s3c24xx_i2s_info s3c24xx_i2s;
static void s3c24xx_snd_txctrl(int on) { u32 iisfcon; u32 iiscon; u32 iismod;
pr_debug("Entered %s\n", __func__);
iisfcon = readl(s3c24xx_i2s.regs + S3C2410_IISFCON); iiscon = readl(s3c24xx_i2s.regs + S3C2410_IISCON); iismod = readl(s3c24xx_i2s.regs + S3C2410_IISMOD);
pr_debug("r: IISCON: %x IISMOD: %x IISFCON: %x\n", iiscon, iismod, iisfcon);
if (on) { iisfcon |= S3C2410_IISFCON_TXDMA | S3C2410_IISFCON_TXENABLE; iiscon |= S3C2410_IISCON_TXDMAEN | S3C2410_IISCON_IISEN; iiscon &= ~S3C2410_IISCON_TXIDLE; iismod |= S3C2410_IISMOD_TXMODE;
writel(iismod, s3c24xx_i2s.regs + S3C2410_IISMOD); writel(iisfcon, s3c24xx_i2s.regs + S3C2410_IISFCON); writel(iiscon, s3c24xx_i2s.regs + S3C2410_IISCON); } else {
iisfcon &= ~S3C2410_IISFCON_TXENABLE; iisfcon &= ~S3C2410_IISFCON_TXDMA; iiscon |= S3C2410_IISCON_TXIDLE; iiscon &= ~S3C2410_IISCON_TXDMAEN; iismod &= ~S3C2410_IISMOD_TXMODE;
writel(iiscon, s3c24xx_i2s.regs + S3C2410_IISCON); writel(iisfcon, s3c24xx_i2s.regs + S3C2410_IISFCON); writel(iismod, s3c24xx_i2s.regs + S3C2410_IISMOD); }
pr_debug("w: IISCON: %x IISMOD: %x IISFCON: %x\n", iiscon, iismod, iisfcon); }
static void s3c24xx_snd_rxctrl(int on) { u32 iisfcon; u32 iiscon; u32 iismod;
pr_debug("Entered %s\n", __func__);
iisfcon = readl(s3c24xx_i2s.regs + S3C2410_IISFCON); iiscon = readl(s3c24xx_i2s.regs + S3C2410_IISCON); iismod = readl(s3c24xx_i2s.regs + S3C2410_IISMOD);
pr_debug("r: IISCON: %x IISMOD: %x IISFCON: %x\n", iiscon, iismod, iisfcon);
if (on) { iisfcon |= S3C2410_IISFCON_RXDMA | S3C2410_IISFCON_RXENABLE; iiscon |= S3C2410_IISCON_RXDMAEN | S3C2410_IISCON_IISEN; iiscon &= ~S3C2410_IISCON_RXIDLE; iismod |= S3C2410_IISMOD_RXMODE;
writel(iismod, s3c24xx_i2s.regs + S3C2410_IISMOD); writel(iisfcon, s3c24xx_i2s.regs + S3C2410_IISFCON); writel(iiscon, s3c24xx_i2s.regs + S3C2410_IISCON); } else {
iisfcon &= ~S3C2410_IISFCON_RXENABLE; iisfcon &= ~S3C2410_IISFCON_RXDMA; iiscon |= S3C2410_IISCON_RXIDLE; iiscon &= ~S3C2410_IISCON_RXDMAEN; iismod &= ~S3C2410_IISMOD_RXMODE;
writel(iisfcon, s3c24xx_i2s.regs + S3C2410_IISFCON); writel(iiscon, s3c24xx_i2s.regs + S3C2410_IISCON); writel(iismod, s3c24xx_i2s.regs + S3C2410_IISMOD); }
pr_debug("w: IISCON: %x IISMOD: %x IISFCON: %x\n", iiscon, iismod, iisfcon); }
static int s3c24xx_snd_lrsync(void) { u32 iiscon; int timeout = 50;
pr_debug("Entered %s\n", __func__);
while (1) { iiscon = readl(s3c24xx_i2s.regs + S3C2410_IISCON); if (iiscon & S3C2410_IISCON_LRINDEX) break;
if (!timeout--) return -ETIMEDOUT; udelay(100); }
return 0; }
static inline int s3c24xx_snd_is_clkmaster(void) { pr_debug("Entered %s\n", __func__);
return (readl(s3c24xx_i2s.regs + S3C2410_IISMOD) & S3C2410_IISMOD_SLAVE) ? 0:1; }
static int s3c24xx_i2s_set_fmt(struct snd_soc_dai *cpu_dai, unsigned int fmt) { u32 iismod;
pr_debug("Entered %s\n", __func__);
iismod = readl(s3c24xx_i2s.regs + S3C2410_IISMOD); pr_debug("hw_params r: IISMOD: %x \n", iismod);
switch (fmt & SND_SOC_DAIFMT_MASTER_MASK) { case SND_SOC_DAIFMT_CBM_CFM: iismod |= S3C2410_IISMOD_SLAVE; break; case SND_SOC_DAIFMT_CBS_CFS: iismod &= ~S3C2410_IISMOD_SLAVE; break; default: return -EINVAL; }
switch (fmt & SND_SOC_DAIFMT_FORMAT_MASK) { case SND_SOC_DAIFMT_LEFT_J: iismod |= S3C2410_IISMOD_MSB; break; case SND_SOC_DAIFMT_I2S: iismod &= ~S3C2410_IISMOD_MSB; break; default: return -EINVAL; }
writel(iismod, s3c24xx_i2s.regs + S3C2410_IISMOD); pr_debug("hw_params w: IISMOD: %x \n", iismod); return 0; }
static int s3c24xx_i2s_hw_params(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream, struct snd_pcm_hw_params *params, struct snd_soc_dai *dai) { struct snd_soc_pcm_runtime *rtd = substream->private_data; u32 iismod;
pr_debug("Entered %s\n", __func__);
if (substream->stream == SNDRV_PCM_STREAM_PLAYBACK) rtd->dai->cpu_dai->dma_data = &s3c24xx_i2s_pcm_stereo_out; else rtd->dai->cpu_dai->dma_data = &s3c24xx_i2s_pcm_stereo_in;
iismod = readl(s3c24xx_i2s.regs + S3C2410_IISMOD); pr_debug("hw_params r: IISMOD: %x\n", iismod);
switch (params_format(params)) { case SNDRV_PCM_FORMAT_S8: iismod &= ~S3C2410_IISMOD_16BIT; ((struct s3c24xx_pcm_dma_params *) rtd->dai->cpu_dai->dma_data)->dma_size = 1; break; case SNDRV_PCM_FORMAT_S16_LE: iismod |= S3C2410_IISMOD_16BIT; ((struct s3c24xx_pcm_dma_params *) rtd->dai->cpu_dai->dma_data)->dma_size = 2; break; default: return -EINVAL; }
writel(iismod, s3c24xx_i2s.regs + S3C2410_IISMOD); pr_debug("hw_params w: IISMOD: %x\n", iismod); return 0; }
static int s3c24xx_i2s_trigger(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream, int cmd, struct snd_soc_dai *dai) { int ret = 0; struct snd_soc_pcm_runtime *rtd = substream->private_data; int channel = ((struct s3c24xx_pcm_dma_params *) rtd->dai->cpu_dai->dma_data)->channel;
pr_debug("Entered %s\n", __func__);
switch (cmd) { case SNDRV_PCM_TRIGGER_START: case SNDRV_PCM_TRIGGER_RESUME: case SNDRV_PCM_TRIGGER_PAUSE_RELEASE: if (!s3c24xx_snd_is_clkmaster()) { ret = s3c24xx_snd_lrsync(); if (ret) goto exit_err; }
if (substream->stream == SNDRV_PCM_STREAM_CAPTURE) s3c24xx_snd_rxctrl(1); else s3c24xx_snd_txctrl(1);
s3c2410_dma_ctrl(channel, S3C2410_DMAOP_STARTED); break; case SNDRV_PCM_TRIGGER_STOP: case SNDRV_PCM_TRIGGER_SUSPEND: case SNDRV_PCM_TRIGGER_PAUSE_PUSH: if (substream->stream == SNDRV_PCM_STREAM_CAPTURE) s3c24xx_snd_rxctrl(0); else s3c24xx_snd_txctrl(0); break; default: ret = -EINVAL; break; }
exit_err: return ret; }
static int s3c24xx_i2s_set_sysclk(struct snd_soc_dai *cpu_dai, int clk_id, unsigned int freq, int dir) { u32 iismod = readl(s3c24xx_i2s.regs + S3C2410_IISMOD);
pr_debug("Entered %s\n", __func__);
iismod &= ~S3C2440_IISMOD_MPLL;
switch (clk_id) { case S3C24XX_CLKSRC_PCLK: break; case S3C24XX_CLKSRC_MPLL: iismod |= S3C2440_IISMOD_MPLL; break; default: return -EINVAL; }
writel(iismod, s3c24xx_i2s.regs + S3C2410_IISMOD); return 0; }
static int s3c24xx_i2s_set_clkdiv(struct snd_soc_dai *cpu_dai, int div_id, int div) { u32 reg;
pr_debug("Entered %s\n", __func__);
switch (div_id) { case S3C24XX_DIV_BCLK: reg = readl(s3c24xx_i2s.regs + S3C2410_IISMOD) & ~S3C2410_IISMOD_FS_MASK; writel(reg | div, s3c24xx_i2s.regs + S3C2410_IISMOD); break; case S3C24XX_DIV_MCLK: reg = readl(s3c24xx_i2s.regs + S3C2410_IISMOD) & ~(S3C2410_IISMOD_384FS); writel(reg | div, s3c24xx_i2s.regs + S3C2410_IISMOD); break; case S3C24XX_DIV_PRESCALER: writel(div, s3c24xx_i2s.regs + S3C2410_IISPSR); reg = readl(s3c24xx_i2s.regs + S3C2410_IISCON); writel(reg | S3C2410_IISCON_PSCEN, s3c24xx_i2s.regs + S3C2410_IISCON); break; default: return -EINVAL; }
return 0; }
u32 s3c24xx_i2s_get_clockrate(void) { return clk_get_rate(s3c24xx_i2s.iis_clk); } EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(s3c24xx_i2s_get_clockrate);
static int s3c24xx_i2s_probe(struct platform_device *pdev, struct snd_soc_dai *dai) { pr_debug("Entered %s\n", __func__);
s3c24xx_i2s.regs = ioremap(S3C2410_PA_IIS, 0x100); if (s3c24xx_i2s.regs == NULL) return -ENXIO;
s3c24xx_i2s.iis_clk = clk_get(&pdev->dev, "iis"); if (s3c24xx_i2s.iis_clk == NULL) { pr_err("failed to get iis_clock\n"); iounmap(s3c24xx_i2s.regs); return -ENODEV; } clk_enable(s3c24xx_i2s.iis_clk);
s3c2410_gpio_cfgpin(S3C2410_GPE0, S3C2410_GPE0_I2SLRCK); s3c2410_gpio_cfgpin(S3C2410_GPE1, S3C2410_GPE1_I2SSCLK); s3c2410_gpio_cfgpin(S3C2410_GPE2, S3C2410_GPE2_CDCLK); s3c2410_gpio_cfgpin(S3C2410_GPE3, S3C2410_GPE3_I2SSDI); s3c2410_gpio_cfgpin(S3C2410_GPE4, S3C2410_GPE4_I2SSDO);
writel(S3C2410_IISCON_IISEN, s3c24xx_i2s.regs + S3C2410_IISCON);
s3c24xx_snd_txctrl(0); s3c24xx_snd_rxctrl(0);
return 0; }
#ifdef CONFIG_PM static int s3c24xx_i2s_suspend(struct snd_soc_dai *cpu_dai) { pr_debug("Entered %s\n", __func__);
s3c24xx_i2s.iiscon = readl(s3c24xx_i2s.regs + S3C2410_IISCON); s3c24xx_i2s.iismod = readl(s3c24xx_i2s.regs + S3C2410_IISMOD); s3c24xx_i2s.iisfcon = readl(s3c24xx_i2s.regs + S3C2410_IISFCON); s3c24xx_i2s.iispsr = readl(s3c24xx_i2s.regs + S3C2410_IISPSR);
clk_disable(s3c24xx_i2s.iis_clk);
return 0; }
static int s3c24xx_i2s_resume(struct snd_soc_dai *cpu_dai) { pr_debug("Entered %s\n", __func__); clk_enable(s3c24xx_i2s.iis_clk);
writel(s3c24xx_i2s.iiscon, s3c24xx_i2s.regs + S3C2410_IISCON); writel(s3c24xx_i2s.iismod, s3c24xx_i2s.regs + S3C2410_IISMOD); writel(s3c24xx_i2s.iisfcon, s3c24xx_i2s.regs + S3C2410_IISFCON); writel(s3c24xx_i2s.iispsr, s3c24xx_i2s.regs + S3C2410_IISPSR);
return 0; } #else #define s3c24xx_i2s_suspend NULL #define s3c24xx_i2s_resume NULL #endif
#define S3C24XX_I2S_RATES \ (SNDRV_PCM_RATE_8000 | SNDRV_PCM_RATE_11025 | SNDRV_PCM_RATE_16000 | \ SNDRV_PCM_RATE_22050 | SNDRV_PCM_RATE_32000 | SNDRV_PCM_RATE_44100 | \ SNDRV_PCM_RATE_48000 | SNDRV_PCM_RATE_88200 | SNDRV_PCM_RATE_96000)
static struct snd_soc_dai_ops s3c24xx_i2s_dai_ops = { .trigger = s3c24xx_i2s_trigger, .hw_params = s3c24xx_i2s_hw_params, .set_fmt = s3c24xx_i2s_set_fmt, .set_clkdiv = s3c24xx_i2s_set_clkdiv, .set_sysclk = s3c24xx_i2s_set_sysclk, };
struct snd_soc_dai s3c24xx_i2s_dai = { .name = "s3c24xx-i2s", .id = 0, .probe = s3c24xx_i2s_probe, .suspend = s3c24xx_i2s_suspend, .resume = s3c24xx_i2s_resume, .playback = { .channels_min = 2, .channels_max = 2, .rates = S3C24XX_I2S_RATES, .formats = SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT_S8 | SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT_S16_LE,}, .capture = { .channels_min = 2, .channels_max = 2, .rates = S3C24XX_I2S_RATES, .formats = SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT_S8 | SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT_S16_LE,}, .ops = &s3c24xx_i2s_dai_ops, }; EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(s3c24xx_i2s_dai);
static int __init s3c24xx_i2s_init(void) { return snd_soc_register_dai(&s3c24xx_i2s_dai); } module_init(s3c24xx_i2s_init);
static void __exit s3c24xx_i2s_exit(void) { snd_soc_unregister_dai(&s3c24xx_i2s_dai); } module_exit(s3c24xx_i2s_exit);
MODULE_AUTHOR("Ben Dooks, < >"); MODULE_DESCRIPTION("s3c24xx I2S SoC Interface"); MODULE_LICENSE("GPL"); --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------